High blood pressure ( Hypertension )

Blood pressure of the human is determined by the amount of blood flows in the arteries.If a heart pumps more blood, then your arteries might be narrower, the higher the blood pressure.High Blood Pressure is a common condition in which long term force of the blood against artery walls is high enough that eventually causes health problems, such as heart disease.High blood pressure generally found in all age groups, that is noticed eventually through aging.

Hypertension can be found without any symptoms for many years. Uncontrolled BP increases risk of Heart problems, like heart attack & stroke. 

Causes of HypertensionTwo types of hypertension are noticed where reasons differ from one another.

Primary Hypertension is most commonly in adults but is not identifiable easily, this type gradually develops with the age of the person. Secondary Hypertension - some people develop high blood pressure due to some other health problems, hence named as Secondary blood pressure. It occurs suddenly and causes higher blood pressure than the primary hypertension. Other reasons include medications involved in treating health issues of vital organs or other.

Kidney diseases

Thyroid diseases

Adrenal gland tumors 

Illegal drugs like cocaine

Medications for birth control pills, cold remedies etc 

Complications

The excessive pressure in artery walls caused by high blood pressure that can damage blood vessels, as well as organs in the human body.Uncontrolled high blood pressure can lead to complications that include:

Heart attack or stroke 

Heart failure 

Aneurysm

Trouble with memory or understanding

Metabolic syndrome

Weakened and narrowed blood vessels in kidneys.

Thickened, narrowed or torn blood vessels in the eyes.

Dementia

Symptoms 

No signs and symptoms are noticed in patients, even if they reach severely high levels.High blood pressure may cause headache, shortness of breath in some people, which aren't specific until they reach high blood pressure levels. 

Diagnosis - Doctors usually use a Sphygmomanometer to check the Blood pressure of people. But,  self-monitoring is generally carried out using electronic devices that work on the oscillometric technique.

Blood pressure measurements fall into four general categories:  Normal blood pressure: Blood pressure (BP) is normal if it's below 120/80 mm Hg.

Elevated blood pressure: This BP is a systolic pressure ranging from 120 to 129 mm Hg and a diastolic pressure below 80 mm Hg. Over time blood pressure gets worse, if no necessary steps are taken to control it. 

Stage 1 hypertension: This includes a systolic pressure ranging from 130 to 139 mm Hg or a diastolic pressure ranging from 80 to 89 mm Hg.

Stage 2 hypertension: More severe hypertension, here blood pressure includes a systolic pressure of 140 mm Hg or higher or a diastolic pressure of 90 mm Hg or higher.

Treatment 

Doctors may recommend changing the life of individuals with high blood pressure that may take many days to adopt. But to control blood pressure in a short period of time certain medications are advised for old age above 65 years.

 Medications for High blood pressure includes: Diuretic, Beta blocker, Antihypertensive drug, and Vasodilator

  • Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors - such as lisinopril (Zestril), benazepril (Lotensin), captopril (Capoten) and others — help relax blood vessels from blocks that are formatted by natural chemical that narrows blood vessels.

  • Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) - ARBs includes candesartan (Atacand), losartan (Cozaar) and others. People with chronic kidney disease may benefit from taking ARB as one of their medications.

  • Calcium channel blockers - that includes amlodipine (Norvasc), diltiazem (Cardizem, Tiazac, others).

Lifestyle and home remedies

These changes may take time to adopt but may show huge differences from using medications for controlling the blood pressure. These home remedies include:

  • Eat healthy foods

  • Reduce the salt in the diet 

  • Maintain a healthy weight

  • Increase physical activity

  • Manage stress 

  • Limit alcohol consumption 

  • Don't smoke 

  • Monitor blood pressure at home regularly.

  • Practice relaxation or slow, deep breathing

  • Control blood pressure during pregnancy


#Healthiswealth..!!

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